Detailed contents
- Preface
- About the Author
- Chapter 1. Sociology and the Study of Social Problems
- Using Our Sociological Imagination
- What Is a Social Problem?
- The Negative Consequences of Social Problems
- Objective and Subjective Realities of Social Problems
- Exploring Social Problems: HIV and AIDS
- The History of Social Problems
- Taking a World View: Identifying the Greatest Threat to the World
- In Focus: A Review of Sociology
- Understanding the Sociological Perspective
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- The Science of Sociology
- Voices in the Community: Judith Auerbach
- The Transformation From Problem to Solution
- Making Sociological Connections
- Sociology at Work: Doing Sociology
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Part I. The Bases of Inequality
- Chapter 2. Social Class
- What Does It Mean to Be Poor?
- The Federal Definitions of Poverty
- Who Are the Poor?
- Exploring Social Problems: Who Is Poor?
- Taking a World View: Income Inequality in China
- Sociological Perspectives on Social Class and Poverty
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- In Focus: The Power of Political Action Committees
- Interactionist Perspective
- The Consequences of Poverty
- Food Insecurity and Hunger
- Affordable Housing
- Health
- Responding to Class Inequalities
- U.S. Welfare Policy
- Life After Welfare
- Voices in the Community: Mauricio Lim Miller
- Earned Income Tax Credit
- Changing the Definition—Redefining Poverty
- Sociology at Work: Critical Thinking
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 3. Race and Ethnicity
- Defining Race and Ethnicity
- Patterns of Racial and Ethnic Integration
- Sociological Perspectives on Sociological Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Inequalities
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- The Consequences of Racial and Ethnic Inequalities
- U.S. Immigration: Past and Present
- In Focus: Multicultural Children’s Literature
- Exploring Social Problems: The U.S. Immigrant Population
- The Immigrant Experience
- Taking a World View: Global Immigration
- Income and Wealth
- Education
- Health
- Responding to Racial and Ethnic Inequalities
- Immigration Policy
- Affirmative Action
- Voices in the Community: Sofia Campos
- Encouraging Diversity and Multiculturalism
- Sociology at Work: The Science of Sociology: Values vs. Facts
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 4. Gender
- Sociological Perspectives on Gender Inequality
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
- Voices in the Community: Sandra Fluke
- Interactionist Perspective
- The Consequences of Gender Inequality
- Occupational Sex Segregation
- Income Inequality
- Exploring Social Problems: The Wage Gap
- Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault
- In Focus: The Pay Gap Between College-Educated Men and Women
- Responding to Gender Inequalities
- Feminist Movements and Social Policies
- Taking a World View: Leaving No Girl Behind
- Title IX
- Sociology at Work: Sociology as a Science: Theory and Data
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 5. Sexual Orientation
- Sociological Perspectives on Sexual Orientation and Inequality
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
- Interactionist Perspective
- Sexual Orientation and Inequality
- U.S. Legislation on Homosexuality
- The Rights and Recognition of Same-Sex Couples
- Employment
- Responding to Sexual Orientation Inequalities
- Family Legislation
- In Focus: Gay-Friendly Campuses
- Exploring Social Problems: Support for Same-Sex Marriage
- Voices in the Community: Dan Savage
- Military Service
- Taking a World View: Gay Military Service Policies
- Sociology at Work: Internships and Service Learning
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 6. Age and Aging
- Our Aging World
- Taking a World View: Aging in China
- Sociological Perspectives on Age, Aging, and Inequality
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- The Consequences of Age Inequality
- Ageism
- Age and Social Class
- Exploring Social Problems: Elderly Income
- Health and Medical Care
- Ageism in the Workplace
- In Focus: The Political Influence of Young and Older Voters
- Responding to Age Inequalities
- Social Security
- Voices in the Community: Barbara Young
- Medicare
- Sociology at Work: Social Work
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Part II. Our Social Institutions
- Chapter 7. Families
- Myths of the Family
- Sociological Perspectives on the Family
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
- Interactionist Perspective
- Problems in the Family
- Divorce
- Violence and Neglect in the Family
- Teen Pregnancy and Newborn Abandonment
- Exploring Social Problems: Teen Birthrates
- In Focus: Teen Parenting and Education
- The Problems of Time and Money
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
- Taking a World View: Parental Leave Policies
- Community Responses to Domestic Violence and Neglect
- Voices in the Community: Wynona Ward
- Teen Pregnancy and Infant Abandonment
- Supporting Different Family Forms
- Sociology at Work: Paralegals and Legal Assistants
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 8. Education
- The New Educational Standard
- Exploring Social Problems: Educational Attainment in the United States
- Sociological Perspectives on Education
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- Problems and Challenges in Education
- The Problem of Basic Literacy
- Taking a World View: Educational Tracking and Testing in Japan
- Inequality in Educational Access and Achievement
- In Focus: Controlling the Cost of Higher Education
- Violence and Harassment in Schools
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- Policy Responses—The Basis for Educational Reform
- Promoting Educational Opportunities—Head Start and Prekindergarten
- Mentoring, Supporting, and Valuing Networks
- Voices in the Community: Wendy Kopp
- Antiviolence and Antibullying Programs in Schools
- Does Having a Choice Improve Education?
- Sociology at Work: Afterschool Education
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 9. Work and the Economy
- The Changing Nature of Work
- Sociological Perspectives on Work
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- Problems in Work and the Economy
- Unemployment and Underemployment
- The Problem of Globalization
- Exploring Social Problems: Characteristics of Minimum-Wage Workers
- Minimum Wage
- A Hazardous and Stressful Workplace
- Taking a World View: Mexico’s Maquiladoras
- In Focus: Sweatshop Labor
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- Federal Policies
- The Living Wage Movement
- Voices in the Community: Judy Wicks
- Worker-Friendly Businesses—Conducting Business a Different Way
- Organized and Fighting Back
- Sociology at Work: Law
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 10. Health and Medicine
- Sociological Perspectives on Health, Illness, and Medicine
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- Health Inequalities and Problems
- Gender
- Education
- Exploring Social Problems: Health Care Utilization
- The Cost of Health Care
- The Uninsured Population
- In Focus: U.S. Health Insurance and Health Care Delivery Systems
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- Health Care Reform
- State Health Care Reforms
- Children’s Health Insurance Program
- Taking a World View: Not-So-Foreign Models of Health Care
- Voices in the Community: Victoria Hale
- Sociology at Work: Medicine
- State Prescription Drug Plans
- Community-Based Health Centers
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 11. The Media
- Sociological Perspectives on the Media
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- Taking a World View: Women’s Feature Service, New Delhi, India
- The Media and Social Problems
- Loss of Privacy
- In Focus: The Boundary-less Workplace
- The Digital Haves and Have-Nots
- Exploring Social Problems: Internet Access
- The Death of the Newspaper?
- Driving Distracted
- Do You Trust the News Media?
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- Federal Communications Commission and the Telecommunications Act of 1996
- Who Is Watching the Media?
- Voices in the Community: Geena Davis,
- Media Literacy and Digital Literacy
- Sociology at Work: Software Development
- Chapter Review
- Study Questions
- Key Terms
- Part III. Our Social and Physical Worlds
- Chapter 12. Alcohol and Drug Abuse
- Sociological Perspectives on Drug Abuse
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- What Is Drug Abuse?
- Alcohol
- Tobacco and Nicotine
- Marijuana
- Club or Rave Drugs
- Taking a World View: The Marijuana Legalization Movement
- The Problems of Drug Abuse
- Drug Use in the Workplace
- Problem Drinking Among Teens and Young Adults
- Punishment or Treatment?
- In Focus: Alcopops
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- Federal Programs
- Drug Legalization
- Exploring Social Problems: Support for the Legalization of Marijuana
- Drug Treatment and Prevention Programs
- Voices in the Community: Shilo Murphy
- Sociology at Work: Public Health
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 13. Crime and Criminal Justice
- Sociological Perspectives on Crime
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- Sources of Crime Statistics
- Types of Crime
- Violent Crime
- Exploring Social Problems: Violent Crime Victimization
- Property Crime
- Juvenile Delinquency
- White-Collar Crime
- The Inequalities of Crime—Offenders and Victims
- Offenders
- Victims
- Our Current Response to Crime
- The Police
- Prisons
- Taking a World View: Policing in Brazil
- The Death Penalty
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- U.S. Department of Justice
- Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Programs
- The New American Prison
- Community Approaches to Law
- In Focus: A Public Health Approach to Gun Control
- Voices in the Community: Max Kenner
- Prison Advocacy and Death Penalty Reform
- Sociology at Work: Probation and Parole Officers
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 14. Urbanization
- Urban Sociology and Demography
- The Processes of Urbanization and Suburbanization
- Population Growth and Composition
- Sociological Perspectives on Population and Urbanization
- Functionalist Perspective
- Taking a World View: Global Urbanization and Population Growth
- Conflict and Feminist Perspectives
- Interactionist Perspective
- The Consequences of Urbanization
- Urban Living Environment
- Homelessness
- Exploring Social Problems: Commuting
- Gentrification
- Urban Sprawl and Transportation
- In Focus: Living Car Free
- Voices in the Community: Magic Johnson
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)
- Urban Revitalization Programs
- Creating Sustainable Communities
- Sociology at Work: Nonprofit Work
- Housing and Homelessness Programs
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 15. The Environment
- Environmental Problems Are Human Problems
- Sociological Perspectives on Environmental Problems
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- Social Problems and the Environment
- Climate Change
- Air Quality
- Hazardous Waste Sites and Brownfields
- Taking a World View: Home Sweet Landfill
- Water Quality and Supply
- Exploring Social Problems: Waste and Recycling
- Land Conservation and Wilderness Protection
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- Federal Responses
- State and Local Responses
- Environmental Interest Groups
- Environmental Justice Movement
- In Focus: Local and Sustainable Food
- Voices in the Community: Chad Pregracke
- Radical Environmentalists
- Is Your School Green?
- Sociology at Work: Research
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Chapter 16. War and Terrorism
- Defining Conflict
- War
- U.S. Conflicts
- Terrorism
- Sociological Perspectives on War and Terrorism
- Functionalist Perspective
- Conflict Perspective
- Feminist Perspective
- Interactionist Perspective
- Exploring Social Problems: The Fear of Terrorism
- The Problems of War and Terrorism
- The Impact of War and Terrorism
- In Focus: The Hidden Costs of War
- The Next Threat
- Taking a World View: Ireland and the Decommissioning of the IRA
- Community, Policy, and Social Action
- Political Diplomacy
- The Use of Economic Sanctions
- Voices in the Community: Aung San Suu Kyi
- Military Response
- Antiwar and Peace Movements
- Sociology at Work: Working and Volunteering Abroad
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Part IV. Individual Action and Social Change
- Chapter 17. Social Problems and Social Action
- Understanding Social Movements
- How Do Social Movements Begin?
- In Focus: Student Activism
- How Have Reform Movements Made a Difference?
- Taking a World View: Nongovernmental Organizations as a Source of Change
- Making the Last Connection
- Voices in the Community: Camila Vallejo
- Exploring Social Problems: Who Is Politically Engaged?
- Sociology at Work: Graduate Study
- Chapter Review
- Key Terms
- Study Questions
- Glossary
- References
- Index