Index
- Abrahms, Max, 462
- Abramovitz, Mimi, 44
- Abramsky, Sasha, 344
- Absolute poverty, 34
- Acker, Joan, 55
- Accuracy in Media (AIM), 319
- Action. See Individual action; Social action
- Activism, student, 483–485, 495
- Acute illnesses, 275
- Addams, Jane, 13 (photo), 14, 483
- Adelson, Miriam, 45
- Adelson, Sheldon, 45
- Adler, Freda, 362
- Affirmative action, 88–92
- Affordable Care Act, 288, 294
- Affordable housing, 50–51
- Aghanistan, U.S. war against, 460
- Afterschool education, 235
- Age and aging, 146–169
- age distribution, 395
- ageism, 155, 157, 161–162
- aging world, 148–152
- elderly income, 159
- in China, 151
- inequalities, consequences of, 157–162
- inequalities, responding to, 162–167
- inequalities, sociological perspectives on, 152–156
- Ageism, 155, 157, 161–162. See also Age and aging
- Agent Orange, 472–473
- Ageton, Suzanne, 360
- Agnew, Robert, 360
- Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud, 477
- AIDS, 9, 20, 352
- Air quality, 434–436
- Alcohol
- abuse of, 334–335
- problem drinking, among teens and young adults, 340–343
- See also Drug abuse
- Alcoholism, 334
- Alcopops, 344
- Alencar, Marcello, 377
- Alexander, Keith, 310
- Alexander, Michelle, 373
- Alfonzo, Mariela, 409
- Alienation, 14–15
- Alien children, unaccompanied, 80
- Allan, Emilie, 362
- Allport, Gordon, 93
- Altheide, David, 308
- Alvarez, Lizette, 192
- American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, 260
- American Revolution, 459
- Anomie, 13, 330, 358
- Ansalone, George, 215
- Ansell, Nicola, 208
- Antell, Judith, 333
- Antibullying and antiviolence programs, in schools, 232–234
- Antiwar and peace movements, 482–485
- college activists, 483–485
- women as peacemakers, 483
- Applied research, 19
- Arab Spring, 304 (photo), 463
- Arctic sea ice melt, 432 (photo)
- Arkansas Wildlife Federation, 444
- Aronson, Joshua, 223
- Assimilation, 69
- Astrue, Michael, 149
- Atomic bombs, 476–477
- Auerbach, Judith, 20
- Badgett, M. V., 133
- Baer, William, 401
- Bagdikian, Ben, 304
- Bailey, Larry, 470 (photo)
- Bailey, Michael, 125
- Baird, John, 431
- Bales William, 381
- Ballantine, Jeanne, 12
- Banerjee, Tridib, 401
- Banfield, Edward, 46
- Bard College, 384–385
- Bard Prison Initiative, 384–385
- Barner, Mark, 306
- Barrett, Richard, 409
- Basic research, 19
- Becker, Sarah, 363
- Beckett, Katherine, 332
- “Becoming a Marijuana User” (Becker), 332–333
- Behavioral genetics theory, 124
- Beilock, Sian, 211
- Beliefs, 12
- Belkin, Aaron, 140–141
- Bell, T. H., 213
- Beltran, Sergio, 235
- Ben Ali, Zine El Abidine, 456
- Benavie, Arthur, 330
- Bent-Goodley, Tricia, 177
- Berger, Peter, 8, 118, 488
- Berliner, David, 214
- Bernanke, Ben, 240
- Bernard, Jessie, 16
- Beveridge model, 292
- Bianchi, Suzanne, 190
- Biblarz, Timothy, 137
- Bicycles, use of in the Netherlands, 410 (photo)
- Biddle, Bruce, 214
- Biden, Joe, 306
- Binge drinking, 340–342
- bin Laden, Osama, 460, 477
- Binstock, Robert, 162
- Birthrates, teen, 187
- Bisexuality, 122, 124
- Bismarck model, 292
- Blair, Ezell, 500
- Blanchard, Kacie, 166
- Blank, Rebecca, 59
- Bloomberg, Michael R., 443
- Blue Nile rites-of-passage program, 380
- Blum, Terry, 350
- Blumer, Herbert, 17
- Blunt Amendment, 98
- Bohan, Janis, 232
- Bolzendahl, Catherine, 179
- Bonior, David, 260
- Boomerangers, 152
- Boswell, Wendy, 311
- Botstein, Leon, 385
- Bouazizi, Mohamed, 456
- Boulliane, Steven, 127 (photo)
- Boundary-less workplace, 311
- Bourdieu, Pierre, 209
- Bourgeoisie, 14
- Boyd, Carol, 339
- Brady, David, 39
- Braithwaite, John, 364
- Branch Davidian incident, 476
- Branton, Regina, 305
- Braverman, Harry, 248
- Bravo, Ellen, 191
- Brazil, policing in, 377
- Breivik, Anders Behring, 382
- Brill, Julie, 310
- Broadcast Decency Enforcement Act, 318
- Broh, Beckett, 217
- Brooks-Gunn, Jeanne, 188
- Brower, David, 445
- Brown, Gordon, 114
- Brown, Hana, 71
- Brown, Jerry, 56, 131, 345
- Brownfields, 436–438
- Brown v. Board of Education, 82, 84, 209–210
- Buckman, Ronald, 350
- Budget Control Act, 472
- Bumpass, Larry, 198
- Burawoy, Michael, 506
- Burdick-Will, Julia, 409
- Burgess, Ernest W., 14
- Burke, Jim, 352
- Bush, George H. W., 214
- Bush, George W., 22, 86, 127, 132, 163, 214, 226, 291, 433, 470
- Bush, Jeb, 92
- Bush-Baskette, Stephanie, 332
- Business Alliance for Local Living Economies, 263
- Butler, Robert, 157
- Byrd, James, 131
- Byrd, W. Michael, 85
- Byrne, Geraldine, 250
- Bytheway, William, 157
- Cable, Charles, 445
- Cable, Sherry, 445
- California Fair Sentencing Act, 345
- Camp, Scott, 381
- Campos, Sofia, 89
- Campus programs, for drug treatment and prevention, 350–351
- Cannabis use, 329 (figure). See also Marijuana
- Canter, Rachelle, 360
- Car, living without, 411
- Carbon dioxide emissions, 433
- Carby, Hazel, 72
- Card, Claudia, 128
- Cardin, Benjamin, 315
- Cardoso, Fernando Henrique, 377
- Casey-Kirschling, Kathleen, 149
- Cathcart, Kevin, 131
- Catt, Carrie Chapman, 483
- Catton, William, 430
- Center for Media and Public Affairs (CMPA), 319
- Cerillo, Debbie, 430
- Chain gang, 361 (photo)
- Chandra, Amitabh, 279
- Chapman, Alvah, 352
- Charles, Maria, 106
- Chávez, Maria, 72
- Cheney, Dick, 464
- Chicago School of Sociology, 13
- Childproofing Our Communities Campaign, 436
- Children
- abuse and neglect of, 184–185
- poverty rate of, 38
- unaccompanied alien, 80
- Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), 291–294
- Children’s literature, multicultural, 75
- China
- aging in, 151
- air pollution in, 435 (photo)
- income inequality in, 40
- rubbish generated in, 426 (photo)
- Chinese Exclusion Act, 69
- Chivers, Meredith, 125
- Chodorow, Nancy, 16
- Chomsky, Noam, 304
- Chopra, Mickey, 24
- Choueiti, Marc, 320
- Cities and megacities, 395, 396 (table)
- Civil War, U.S., 459
- Clark, Michael, 484
- Clark, William, 404
- Clarke, Laura Hurd, 155
- Class. See Social class
- Class consciousness, 15
- Clayton, Linda, 85
- Clean Air Act, 442
- Clean Water Act, 442
- Clementi, Tyler, 371
- Climate change, 432–434
- Clinton, Bill, 22, 140, 214, 477
- Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 318
- Cloward, Richard A., 43
- Club or rave drugs, 337–339
- Cocaine, 331 (image)
- Cognitive liberation, 497
- Cohabitation/cohabiting, 198–200
- Colby, Anne, 417
- Collective consciousness, 303
- College activists, 483–485, 495
- Collins, Jason, 133
- Collins, Patricia Hill, 14, 72
- Committee to Protect Journalists, 319–321
- Common Core State Standards, 227
- Communication technology (CT), 311
- Community/communities
- approaches to drug treatment and prevention, 351–354
- connections, and social action, 500–506
- creating sustainable, 415–416
- health centers, 296–297
- policing by, 381–386
- response to domestic violence and neglect, 194–196
- See also Community, policy, and social action; Voices in the Community
- Community, policy, and social action
- crime, 379–388
- drug abuse, 345–354
- education, 225–236
- environment, the, 441–451
- family/families, 192–202
- health, 289–297
- media, the, 318–321
- urbanization, 413–418
- war/terrorism, 477–485
- work, 259–266
- Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS), 381
- Community-supported agriculture (CSA), 447
- Commuting, 406–407, 410
- Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, 477
- Conflict(s)
- Conflict perspective, 14–15
- age and aging, 153–154
- crime, 360–361
- drug abuse, 330–331
- education, 209–210
- environmental problems, 427–428
- family, the, 177–178
- gender, 102–104
- health, illness, and medicine, 277–278
- media, the, 304–305
- population and urbanization, 399–401
- race and ethnicity, 70–72
- sexual orientation, 126–129
- social class and poverty, 42–44
- war and terrorism, 464
- work, 247–248
- Conley, Dalton, 82
- Conrad, Peter, 278
- Copes, Heith, 330
- Corbett, Christianne, 221
- Coser, Lewis, 15, 311
- Costs
- of health care, 285–287
- of higher education, 218
- Couric, Katie, 306
- Cowgill, Donald, 153
- Crenshaw, Martha, 463
- Crime, 356–389
- community, policy, and social action, 379–388
- inequalities of, 371–374
- juvenile delinquency, 369–370
- offenders, 371–373
- property, 369
- response to, 374–379
- sociological perspectives on, 358–365
- statistics, sources of, 365–366
- victims, 366, 368, 373–374
- violent, 367–369
- white-collar, 370–371
- Crime Clock, 366
- Criminal justice. See Crime
- Critical political-economy perspective, 399
- Critical thinking, 58
- Cross, Jennifer Moren, 39
- Croteau, David, 300
- Crow, Michael, 450
- Crowding, 404
- Cultural capital, 209
- Culture, 12, 499
- Culture of poverty, 46
- Curl, Angela, 164
- Cybercrime, 370
- Dahrendorf, Ralf, 15
- d’Arcy, Hannah, 339
- Data and theory, 118
- Davies, James, 496
- Davies, J. Clarence, 427
- Davis, Adrienne, 104
- Davis, Geena, 320
- Davis, Karen, 285
- Davy, Doreen, 161
- “Dealing With Neighborhood Change” (Kennedy and Leonard), 408
- Deane, Michele, 229
- Death penalty, 378–379, 386–388
- Decriminalization, 347
- Deepwater Horizon explosion, 256–257, 422
- De facto segregation, 83
- Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), 126, 132
- Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), 80, 88
- Deindustrialization, 243
- Demography, 148, 392–393
- Dennis, Helen, 161
- Department of Homeland Security, 478
- Dependent variable, 19
- Deurloo, Marinus, 404
- Developing Communities Project, 23
- Devlin, Michael, 174
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association), 125
- Diallo, Amadou, 374
- Dieleman, Frans, 404
- Differential association, 332
- DiFrancesco, Darryn Anne, 430
- Di Giacomo, Flavio, 81
- Digital divide, 311
- Digital haves and have-nots, 311–315
- Digital literacy, 321
- Disengagement theory, 152
- Distracted driving, 316–317
- Distributive power, 45
- Diversity, encouraging, 93–95
- Divorce, 181–183
- Dodson, Lisa, 191
- Domestic migration, 392
- Domestic terrorism, 462, 474–476
- Domestic violence and neglect, community response to, 194–196
- Domestic workers, 165
- Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell (DADT), 140
- Double standard of aging, 154
- Douglas Vavrus, Mary, 465
- Downey, Douglas, 217
- DREAM Act, 89
- Drexler, Melissa, 190
- Driving, distracted, 316–317
- Driving while texting (DWT), 316
- Drug abuse, 326–355
- addiction, 333
- alcohol, 334–335, 340–343
- club or rave drugs, 337–339
- community, policy, and social action, 345–354
- definition, 333
- federal programs, 345–346
- marijuana, 329 (figure), 331, 332–333, 337, 338, 348
- problems of, 339–345
- punishment versus treatment for, 343–345
- sociological perspectives on, 328–333
- tobacco and nicotine, 335–336
- treatment and prevention programs, 349–354
- workplace drug use, 339–340, 349–350
- Drug-Free Communities Act, 351
- Drug Free Workplace Program, 349
- Drug legalization, 346–347
- Du Bois, W. E. B., 70
- Dunaway, Johanna, 305
- Duncan, Brian, 73
- Dunlap, Riley, 430, 446
- Durkheim, Émile, 13, 170, 276, 303, 330, 358, 397, 488
- Dury, A. Cooper, 481
- du Wulf, Oliver, 127 (photo)
- Dysfunctions, 14
- Early Head Start, 228
- Earned income tax credit, 57
- Earnings, by women, 249–250. See also Work
- Earth Island Institute, 445
- Ecocide, 472
- Economic sanctions, 479–481
- Economy, the. See Work
- Educate America Act, 214, 226–228
- Education, 204–238
- access and achievement, inequality in, 217–223
- affirmative action and, 91–92
- afterschool, 235
- attainment, in the U.S., 207
- choice in, and educational improvement, 234–236
- community, policy, and social action, 225–236
- gender and, 219–221
- health inequalities and, 283
- higher, controlling the cost of, 218
- in Japan, 215
- mentoring, supporting, and valuing networks in, 229–232
- new educational standard, 206–208
- opportunities in, promoting, 228–229
- problems and challenges in, 212–225
- race/ethnicity and, 82–84, 221–223
- reform of, policy responses as the basis for, 226–228
- social class and, 217–219
- sociological perspectives on, 208–212
- teens and, 188–189
- Eggers, Mitchell, 403
- Ehrenreich, Barbara, 256
- Ehrlich, Anne, 426
- Ehrlich, Paul, 426
- Ehrlich, Thomas, 504
- Eisenhower, Dwight, 394, 464, 471
- Elder abuse and neglect, 185–186. See also Age and aging
- Elfessi, Abdulaziz, 350
- Elliot, Delbert, 360
- Elliot, Jane, 108
- Ellis, Havelock, 125
- Emigration, 392
- Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), 290
- Employment
- affirmative action and, 90–91
- sexual orientation and, 133–134
- See also Work
- Endangered Species Act, 441–442
- Engelman, Robert, 426
- Engels, Friedrich, 177
- Engler, John, 345
- Enloe, Cynthia, 464
- Environment, the, 422–454
- community, policy, and social action, 441–451
- federal responses, 441–442
- human problems and, 424–425
- interest groups, 444–445
- justice movement, 445–449
- social problems and, 432–441
- sociological perspectives on, 425–431
- Environmentalists, radical, 449
- Environmental justice, 429
- Environmental racism, 428
- Environmental sociology, 424
- Epidemiology, 273
- Episodic high-risk drinking, 342. See also Alcohol
- Epstein, Edward Jay, 305
- Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 260
- Equal Rights Amendment, 115
- Erickson, Kai, 363
- Esbenshade, Jill, 259
- Ethnic attrition, 73
- Ethnic composition, 396
- Ethnic groups, 65, 75
- Ethnicity. See Race and ethnicity
- Ethnocentrism, 68
- Ewert, Stephanie, 112
- Exclusion, 69
- Exploring Social Change (Harper and Leicht), 493
- Exploring Social Problems
- Characteristics of Minimum-Wage Workers, 254
- Commuting, 406–407
- Educational Attainment in the U.S., 207
- Elderly Income, 159
- Fear of Terrorism, 468
- Health Care Utilization, 284
- HIV and AIDS, 9
- Internet Access, 314
- Support for Same-Sex Marriage, 138
- Support of the Legalization of Marijuana, 348
- Teen Birthrates, 187
- U.S. Immigrant Population, 77
- Violent Crime Victimization, 368
- Wage Gap, 110
- Waste and Recycling, 439
- Who Is Politically Engaged? 503
- Who Is Poor? 37
- Expressive movements, 493
- Expulsion, 69
- Extended families, 174
- Fackler, Tiffany, 452
- Fair Housing Act, 414
- Fair Sentencing Act, 345
- Families on the Fault Line (Rubin), 190
- Family/families, 172–203
- community, policy, and social action, 192–202
- definition, 174
- forms of, supporting different, 197–202
- myths of, 174–176
- problems in, 181–192
- sociological perspectives on, 176–180
- Family and Medical Leave Act, 192, 250
- Family Independence Initiative (FII), 56
- Family legislation, and sexual orientation inequalities, 134–139
- Faubus, Orval, 83
- Feagin, Joel, 24, 68
- Fecundity, 273
- Federal Aid Highway Act, 394
- Federal Communications Commission (FCC), 318–319
- Fee-for-service health plan, 288
- Felonies, 356
- Felton, Rebecca Latimer, 100
- Femicide, 113
- Feminist movements, 113–116
- Feminist perspective, 15–16
- age and aging, 154–155
- crime, 361–363
- drug abuse, 331–332
- education, 210–211
- environmental problems, 428–430
- family/families, 177–178
- gender, 102–104
- health, illness, and medicine, 278–280
- media, the, 305–307
- population and urbanization, 399–401
- race and ethnicity, 72–73
- sexual orientation, 126–129
- social class and poverty, 44–45
- war and terrorism, 464–466
- work, 248–250
- Ferguson, Ann, 128
- Ferracuti, Franco, 372
- Fertility, 273
- Fimreite, Norvald, 495
- Fine, Gary, 25
- Flexner, Abraham, 277
- Flexner Report, 277–278
- Fluke, Sandra, 98, 103
- Foley, James, 458
- Food, local and sustainable, 446–447
- Food insecure, 48
- Food insecurity and hunger, 48–50
- Food Quality Protection Act, 442
- Foreign born, 67, 77
- Fox, Mary Frank, 245
- Freeh, Louis J., 476
- Freeman, Lance, 50
- Freid, Alex, 445
- Freud, Sigmund, 125
- Freudenberg, Nicolas, 446
- Frey, William, 66
- Fry, Richard, 33, 84
- Fuller, Linda, 23
- Fuller, Millard, 23
- Fullerton, Andrew, 39
- Functionalist perspective, 13–14
- age and aging, 152–153
- crime, 358–360
- drug abuse, 329–330
- education, 208
- environmental problems, 425–427
- family/families, 176
- health, illness, and medicine, 273–281
- gender, 101–102
- media, the, 303–304
- population and urbanization, 397–399
- race and ethnicity, 69–70
- sexual orientation, 125–126
- social class and poverty, 41–42
- war and terrorism, 463
- work, 246–247
- Funiciello, Theresa, 42
- Furstenberg, Frank F., 188
- Fussell, Elizabeth, 258
- Gaddafi, Muammar, 482
- Gaes, Gerald, 381
- Gans, Herbert, 42, 307
- Garber, Judith, 400
- Garcia, Ann, 80
- Garcia, David, 236
- Garner, Tyron, 131
- “Gateway” drugs, 344
- Gays. See Sexual orientation
- Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media, 320
- Geist, Claudia, 179
- Gender, 98–120
- definition, 98
- education and, 207 (figure), 219–221
- health and, 281–282
- inequalities, consequences of, 106–111
- inequalities, responding to, 113–118
- inequalities, sociological perspectives on, 101–105
- Gendered division of labor, 101
- Gender mainstreaming, 115
- Genocide, 458
- Gentrification, 408–409
- Geriatrics, 160
- Gerontology, 148
- Gibbs, Lois, 429
- Gibson, Katie, 306
- Gilbert, Timisha, 387
- Gilens, Martin, 46
- Gilman, Charlotte, 14
- Gingrich, Newt, 45
- Girls, and educational networks, 229–232
- Global immigration, 81
- Globalization, 4, 253–255
- Global threats, 11
- Global urbanization and population growth, 398
- Global warming, 432
- Goffman, Erving, 41
- Goldman, Francisco, 501
- Gonzalez, Kali, 188 (photo)
- Gordon, Craig, 229
- Gordon, Milton, 70
- Gorman, Maryann, 26
- Gornick, Janet, 193
- Graduate study, in sociology, 504
- Graduation rates, in the U.S., 207
- Graham-Bermann, Sandra, 183
- Grandparents as parents, 200–202
- Grassroots organizations, achievements of, 446–449
- Great Recession of 2007–2009, 32–33, 240, 392
- Great Society, 53
- Green schools, 450–451
- Greenwood, Alice, 50
- Grieco, Elizabeth, 67
- Grinblo, Jenny, 322
- Grinde, D. A., 94
- Griner, Brittney, 133
- Grusky, David, 106
- Gubernskaya, Zoya, 174
- Gun control, public health approach to, 382–383
- Gurevitch, Michael, 307
- Haas, Richard, 479
- Habitat for Humanity International, 23
- Hale, Victoria, 293
- Halliburton, 464
- Hamilton, Cynthia, 429
- Handy, Jocelyn, 161
- Haney, Craig, 364
- Hannigan, John, 430, 493
- Harassment, in schools, 223–225
- Harmon, Christopher, 478
- Harm reduction, 347
- Harper, Charles, 493
- Harrington, Michael, 43
- Harris, G. L. A., 91
- Harris, Violet, 75
- Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (Rowling), 75
- Hartmann, Heidi, 108
- Have Justice Will Travel, 195
- Hawken, Paul, 324, 424
- Hayden, Craig, 479
- Hazardous waste sites, 436–438
- He, Wan, 151
- Head Start, 228–229
- Healing of America, The (Reid), 292
- Health
- age and, 160–161
- community, policy, and social action, 289–297
- inequalities and problems, 281–289
- poverty and, 51–52
- race/ethnicity and, 85–86
- sociological perspectives on, 273–281
- See also Health care
- Health care
- Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, 289
- Health maintenance organization (HMO), 288
- Health, United States, 2013 (National Center for Health Statistics), 270
- Heesacker, Martin, 280
- Hemenway, David, 382
- Henderson, Debra, 44
- Henry, Gary, 229
- Heroin, 331
- Hesse-Biber, Sharlene, 245
- Heteronormativity, 179
- Heterosexism, 126
- Heterosexuality, 122
- Heyman, Robert, 250
- Higher education, cost of, 218. See also Education
- Hildebrandt, Eugenie, 55
- Hill, Catherine, 221
- Hiroshima, Japan, 476–477
- Hirschi, Travis, 360
- Historical and comparative methods, in research, 21
- HIV, 9, 20, 352
- Hokenstad, M. C., 164
- Holder, Eric, 476
- Holmes, James, 382
- Holmes, Malcolm, 333
- Holschlag, Jaymie, 192
- Homelessness, 405–408, 418
- Homophobia, 125
- Homosexuality, 122
- U.S. legislation on, 131–132
- See also Sexual orientation
- Hopwood v. Texas, 92
- Horizontal segregation, 106
- Hornbeck, Shawn, 174
- Horowitz, Juliana, 163
- Households, 174–175
- Housing Act, 394
- Housing and homelessness programs, 418
- Hoynes, William, 300
- Hoyt, Homer, 14
- Huggins, Martha, 377
- Human agency, 17
- Human capital, 109
- Human capital theory, 109
- Human ecology, 392
- Humanitarian intervention, 481
- Human problems, and environmental problems, 424–425
- Hypothesis (research), 19
- Hytrek, Gary, 76
- Illness, sociological perspectives on, 273–281. See also Health
- Immigrant experience, 78–80
- Immigrant population, U.S., 77
- Immigration, 392
- Impression management, 309
- Incidence rate, 275
- Income, 32–33, 42–43
- elderly (the), and, 159
- gender and, 108–11
- in China, 40
- race/ethnicity and, 82
- Independent variable (research), 19
- Index crimes, 365
- India, women’s news in, 309
- Individual action, 488. See also Social action
- Individual approaches, to drug treatment and prevention, 349
- Individual discrimination, 68
- Industrial Revolution, 242, 432
- Inequality, bases of, 28. See also Age and aging; Gender; Race and ethnicity; Sexual orientation; Social class
- Infant abandonment, 196–197
- Infant mortality, 274–275
- In Focus
- Alcopops, 344
- Boundary-Less Workplace, 311
- Controlling the Cost of Higher Education, 218
- Gay-Friendly Campuses, 135
- Hidden Costs of War, 471
- Living Car Free, 411
- Local and Sustainable Food, 446–447
- Multicultural Children’s Literature, 75
- Pay Gap between College-Educated Men and Women, 112
- Political Influence of Young and Older Voters, 162
- Power of Political Action Committees, 45
- Public Health Approach to Gun Control, 382
- Review of Sociology, 12
- Student Activism, 495
- Sweatshop Labor, 259
- Teen Parenting and Education, 188–189
- U.S. Health Insurance and Health Care Delivery Systems, 288
- Ingram, Anne, 17
- Innocence Project, 387–388
- Institutional discrimination, 68
- Institutionalized heterosexuality, 125
- Instrumental movements, 493
- Interactionist perspective, 16–18
- age and aging, 155–156
- crime, 363–365
- drug abuse, 332–333
- education, 212
- environmental problems, 430–431
- family/families, 178–180
- gender, 104–105
- health, illness, and medicine, 280–281
- media, the, 307–308
- population and urbanization, 401–402
- race and ethnicity, 69–74
- sexual orientation, 129–130
- social class and poverty, 41–48
- war and terrorism, 466–467
- work, 250–251
- Interior residential density, 404
- International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (World Health Organization), 125
- International terrorism, 462
- Internet access and use, 312–315
- Internships and service learning, 142
- Intimate partner violence, 111–113, 183–184
- Invitation to Sociology (Berger), 118
- Iraq, U.S. war against, 460
- Irish Republican Army (IRA), decommissioning of, 475
- Irwin, Darrell, 380
- Islamic extremism in the U.S., 468
- Islamic State in Iraq and Greater Syria (ISIS), 458
- It Gets Better Project, 139
- Jacobson, Jodi, 350
- Jager, Annet, 190
- Japan, educational tracking and testing in, 215
- Jarraud, Michel, 432
- Jaspin, Eliot, 69
- Jasso-Aquilar, Rebeca, 277
- Jena, Anupam, 279
- Jenkins, Brian, 462
- Jensen, Vicki, 362
- Jim Crow laws, 69 (photo), 373
- Job stress, 257. See also Work
- Johnson, Earvin “Magic,” 412–413
- Johnson, Kenneth, 274
- Johnson, Lyndon, 22, 53, 88, 204, 413
- Johnston, Lloyd, 350
- Jolls, Tessa, 321
- Jones, Dan, 62
- Jones, Jeffrey, 152
- Jordan, Daniel, 18
- Juvenile crime, 369
- Juvenile delinquency, 369–370
- Juvenile delinquent, 369
- Juvenile justice and delinquency prevention programs, 379–380
- Juvenile status offender, 369
- Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, 209
- Kaplan, Howard, 330
- Kaplan, Laura, 465
- Kassig, Peter, 458
- Kato, David, 122
- Katz, Jonathan, 129
- Keating, Paul, 141
- Kebbel, Gary, 316
- Keels, Micere, 409
- Keene, Sara, 409
- Keeter, Scott, 163
- Kelber, Sheryl, 55
- Kellner, Douglas, 305
- Kennedy, Anthony M., 84, 131
- Kennedy, John, 62, 88
- Kennedy, Maureen, 408
- Kennedy, Robert, 62
- Kennedy, Ted, 260
- Kenner, Max, 384–385
- Kerry, John, 45, 163
- Keystone XL pipeline, 427
- Kincannon, Charles, 151
- King, Mary, 133
- King, Rodney, 374
- Kippax, Susan, 186
- Kirby, Douglas, 196
- Kituse, John, 10
- Knott, Paul, 483
- Kochhar, Rakesh, 33
- Kopp, Wendy, 230–231
- Kops, Yvonne, 190
- Korean War, 460
- Korgen, Kathleen, 93, 118
- Korten, David, 427–428
- Kozol, Jonathan, 209
- Kreider, Rose, 181
- Kreiger, Nancy, 42
- Krieger, Nancy, 51
- Krogstad, Jens Manuel, 77
- Kruel, Amaury, 377
- Krugman, Paul, 324
- Kulongoski, Theodore, 49
- Kyoto Protocol, 433
- Labeling theory, 363
- Labor force participation rates, 244
- Labor migration, 76
- Labor unions, 264–266
- Land and Water Conservation Fund Act, 442
- Land conservation, 440–441
- Landfills, 437
- Lanza, Adam, 382
- Lareau, Annette, 236
- Latent functions, 208
- Law
- as a career, 265
- community approaches to, 381–386
- Lawrence, John, 131
- Lazarus, Wendy, 311
- Ledbetter, Lilly, 111
- Lefebvre, Henri, 427
- Legal assistants, as a career, 201
- Legalization, 347
- Leicht, Kevin, 493
- Leinberger, Christopher, 409
- Leiter, Michael, 474
- Lemert, Charles, 23, 506
- Lemert, Edwin, 364
- Lengermann, Patricia Madoo, 15
- Leonard, Paul, 408
- Levendosky, Alytia, 183
- Levenson, A. J., 156
- Levy, Kira, 339
- Levy, Mark, 307
- Lew, Jacob, 23
- Lewis, Oscar, 46
- LGBT (lesbians, gays, bisexuals, and transgender), 122, 124, 232
- Life chances, 32
- Life course perspective, 148
- Life expectancy, in the U.S., 270, 272 (table)
- Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, 111 (photo)
- Limbaugh, Rush, 103
- Lim Miller, Mauricio, 56
- Lincoln, Abraham, 459
- Lind, Amy, 126
- Lipka, Sara, 451
- Literacy, basic, 214–216
- Literature, children’s multicultural, 75
- Living car free, 411
- Living green, 451
- Living Lands and Waters (LLW), 448
- Living wage movement, 261–262
- Local and sustainable food, 446–447
- Locavores, 446
- Lohan, Lindsay, 343
- Lombroso, Cesare, 358
- Loseke, Denise, 8
- Love Canal disaster, 429–430, 436
- Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), 49
- Lu, Hsien-Hen, 198
- Lucas, Billy, 139
- Luce, Stephanie, 261
- Luckmann, Thomas, 8
- Luis, Cinthya, 344
- Luo, Ye, 157
- Lyon, Phyllis, 136 (photo)
- MacDonald, Scott, 340
- MacKinnon, Catharine, 104
- MacKinnon, J. B., 447
- Macro level of analysis, 12
- “Magic Mountain, The” (Power), 437
- Magnet, Myron, 46
- Mahoney, Martha, 399
- Mandela, Nelson, 459
- Manifest functions, 208
- Manuel, Tiffany, 191
- Maquiladoras, 258
- Marable, Manning, 43
- March on Washington, 496 (photo)
- Marcum, Catherine, 330
- Marger, Martin, 32, 65, 209
- Marijuana, 329 (figure), 331, 332–333, 337, 338, 348
- Martin, Del, 136 (photo)
- Martin, Steve, 330
- Martin, Trayvon, 372
- Marullo, Sam, 142
- Marx, Karl, 14, 15 (photo), 42, 58, 247, 488, 497
- Massey, Douglas, 403
- Master status, 129
- Matos, Marlise, 115
- McAdam, Doug, 497
- McCabe, Sean E., 339
- McCain, Franklin, 500
- McCarthy, John, 497
- McChesney, Robert, 315
- McConatha, Jasim, 158
- McCorkel, Jill, 363
- McGary, Howard, 73
- McGrath, Shelly, 330
- McGuinness, Martin, 475
- McNamee, Steve, 30
- McNeill, Joseph, 500
- McVeigh, Timothy, 476
- Mead, George Herbert, 17
- Mechanical solidarity, 397
- Media, the, 300–323
- community, policy, and social action, 318–321
- definition, 300
- social problems and, 309–318
- sociological perspectives on, 303–308
- Media literacy, 321
- Medical care, and the elderly, 160–161. See also Age and aging; Health
- Medicalization, 279
- Medicare, 162–163, 165–167
- Medicine
- as a career, 294–296
- sociological perspectives on, 273–281
- See also Health
- Medicines360, 293
- Medvedev, Dmitry, 477
- Mee-Kyong, Lee, 179
- Megacities, 395, 396 (table)
- Megadisaster, 422
- Mentoring networks, in education, 229–232
- Meredith, James, 62
- Mertig, Angela, 446
- Merton, Robert, 14, 358–359
- Mesenbourg, Thomas L., 62
- “Metropolis and Mental Life, The” (Simmel), 401
- Metropolitan statistical areas, largest, 395, 396 (table)
- Mexican War (U.S.), 459
- Mexico’s maquiladoras, 258
- Meyer, David, 499
- Meyer, Erika, 353
- Michael, Robert, 124
- Micro level of analysis, 12
- Middleton, Kate, 303 (photo)
- Migration, 392
- Military families, 191 (photo)
- Military-industrial complex, 464
- Military response, to war and terrorism, 481–482
- Military service, and sexual orientation, 140, 141
- Military spending, 470, 472 (table)
- Milkie, Melissa, 190
- Miller, Robert, 30
- Miller, Terry, 139
- Miller, Zell, 71
- Mills, C. Wright, 5, 6 (photo), 43, 490
- Minimum wage, 254, 255–256
- MinnesotaCare, 291
- Minnesota Domestic Abuse Intervention Project (DAIP), 194
- Misdemeanors, 356
- Modernization theory of aging, 153
- Moody, Harry, 150
- Moore, Quinn, 55
- Mora, Francisco, 311
- Morbidity, 275
- Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (National Center for Health Statistics), 275
- Morgan, S. Phillip, 188
- Morgen, Sandra, 55
- Mori, Rie, 215
- Mortality, 274
- Moss, Nancy, 42
- Mother Teresa, 307
- Mott, Lucretia, 113
- Mubarak, Hosni, 303
- Multicultural children’s literature, 75
- Multiculturalism, encouraging, 93–95
- Multimedia entertainment companies, five largest, 304, 305 (table)
- Multiracial, 73
- Municipal solid waste (MSW), 439
- Munson, Ziad, 495
- Murphy, Michael, 283
- Murphy, Shilo, 352
- Murray, Patty, 100
- Mustanski, Brian, 125
- Mychal Judge Act, 132
- Myers, Walter Dean, 75
- “Myth of Mental Illness, The” (Szasz), 281
- Nader, Ralph, 495
- Nagasaki, Japan, 476–477
- National Crime Victimization Survey, 366
- National Domestic Workers Alliance (NDWA)
- National Elder Mistreatment Study, 186
- National Environmental Policy Act, 441
- National health insurance model, 292
- National Night Out, 381
- National Wildlife Federation, 444
- Nation at Risk, A (National Commission on Excellence in Education), 213
- Native, 67
- Natural capitalism, 428
- Neglect, 184
- Neglect and violence, in the family, 183–186, 194–196
- Nelson, Todd, 157
- Netherlands, bicycle use in, 410 (photo)
- Neufeld, Peter, 387
- Neurohormonal theory, 124
- Newborn abandonment, 186–190
- New Deal, 52
- New Delhi, India, women’s news in, 309
- News media, trust in, 317–318. See also Media, the
- New social movements theory, 493
- Newsom, Gavin, 136 (photo), 418
- Newspapers, death of, 315–316
- Nichols, Austin, 54
- Nichols, John, 315
- Nichols, Terry, 476
- Nickel and Dimed (Ehrenreich), 256
- Nicotine, abuse of, 335–336
- Niebrugge-Brantley, Jill, 15
- Nixon, Richard, 90, 326, 345
- No Child Left Behind (NCLB), 214, 226–228
- Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), 499
- Nonprofit work, as a career, 417
- Norms, 12
- Norris, Tyler, 415
- Nuclear family, 174
- Nuclear weapons, 476–477
- Nye, Joseph, 479
- Obama, Barack, 6, 23, 111, 131–132, 163, 206, 218, 272, 289, 317, 434, 471, 502
- Obama, Michelle, 447, 502
- Objective reality, 7
- Occupational sex segregation, 106–108
- Occupy Wall Street, 32, 497
- O’Connor, Sandra Day, 92
- Offenders, criminal, 371–373. See also Crime
- Oliver, Melvin, 33
- Olson-Buchanan, Julie, 311
- O’Malley, Patrick, 350
- Omi, Michael, 65
- One Day, All Children (Kopp), 230
- One Florida Initiative, 92
- 100-Mile Diet, 446
- 1.5 generation, 88
- OneWorld Health, 293
- Opium, 331
- Ore, Tracy, 68
- Organic solidarity, 397
- Organizational child, 209
- Orshansky, Mollie, 34
- Outcome goals, 462
- Out-of-pocket model, 292
- Overurbanization, 393
- Owens, Ken, 200
- Owens, Pat, 200
- Ownby, William, 174
- Paigen, Beverly, 430
- Palin, Sarah, 306
- Panetta, Leon, 472
- Paralegals, as a career, 201
- Parental leave policies, 193
- Parenting
- Park, Robert E., 14
- Parole officers, as a career, 387
- Parsons, Talcott, 276
- Particulate or particle pollution, 434
- Partner (intimate) and violence, 111–113, 183–184
- Partnership housing, 23
- Passel, Jeffrey, 77
- Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, 272, 289
- Patriarchy, 15
- PATRIOT Act, 310, 474
- Pay gap, 110, 112
- Peace movements, 482–485
- Peksen, Dursun, 481
- Pelosi, Nancy, 100
- Pension Protection Act, 132
- People’s Harm Reduction Alliance, 352
- Persian Gulf War, 460
- Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), 44, 53–54
- Peters, Matthew, 294
- Peterson, Suni, 280
- Petrucci, Barbara, 158
- Philadelphia Plan, 90
- Phillips, Meredith, 217
- Phillopose, Pamela, 309
- Physical abuse, 184
- Physical world, 324. See also Environment, the; Social world; Urbanization; War and terrorism
- Pieper, Katherine, 320
- Pierce, Glenn, 378
- Pillar, Paul, 462
- Piñera, Sebastián, 501
- Pinochet, Augusto, 501
- Piven, Francis Fox, 43
- Plotke, David, 493
- Pluralism, 70
- Police, 373 (photo), 374–375, 377, 381–386
- Policy. See Community, policy, and social action
- Political action committees, power of, 45
- Political diplomacy, 478–479
- Political engagement, 503
- Political influence, of young and older voters, 162–163
- Political process model, 497
- Politicide, 458–459
- Politics of fear, 467
- Pollina, Ronald, 246
- Pollution, 424–425
- Poor. See Poverty
- Popenoe, David, 197
- Population
- growth and composition, 395–397
- sociological perspectives on, 397–403
- world growth, 398
- See also Urbanization
- Population aging, 148
- Post-Landfill Action Network, 445
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 471
- Poverty
- absolute, 34
- consequences of, 48–52
- definitions, 34–39
- guidelines, 35
- redefining, 57–59
- relative, 34
- sociological perspectives on, 41–48
- threshold, 18, 34–35
- See also Social class
- Powell, Brian, 179
- Power, 43
- Power, Matthew, 437
- Power elite, 15, 43
- “Practical Use of Sociological Knowledge, The” (Zetterberg), 25
- Preferred provider organization (PPO), 288
- Pregnancy, teen, 186–190, 196–197
- Pregracke, Chad, 448
- Prekindergarten, 228–229
- Prestige, 43
- Prevalence rate, 275
- Prince, Barbara, 504–505
- Princess Diana, 307
- Prince William, 303 (photo)
- Principles of Scientific Management, The (Taylor), 247
- Prison Litigation Reform Act, 381
- Prisons, 375–378, 380–381, 386–388
- Privacy, loss of, 309–310
- Probation and parole officers, as a career, 387
- Problem drinking, 340–343. See also Alcohol
- Problems. See Social problems
- Process goals, 462
- Project for Excellence in Journalism, 319
- Project Harmony, 194
- Project Northland, 351
- Proletariat, 14
- Promise, The (Mills), 5
- Property crime, 369
- Public health, as a career, 353
- Public health approach, to gun control, 382–383
- Public school choice, 234
- Public sociology, 506
- Punishment versus treatment, for drug abuse, 343–345
- Qualitative methods, in research, 20–21
- Quantitative methods, in research, 20
- Queen Elizabeth, 475
- Race and ethnicity, 62–97
- definitions, 65–68
- education and, 221–223
- inequalities, consequences of, 74–86
- inequalities, responding to, 86–95
- inequalities, sociological perspectives on, 69–74
- integration, patterns of, 68–69
- Racial Formation in the United States (Omi and Winant), 65
- Racial profiling, 372
- Racism, 68
- Racism, environmental, 428
- Radalet, Michael, 378
- Radical environmentalists, 449
- Rainwater, Lee, 39
- Ramos, Dolores, 495 (photo)
- Rangarajan, Anu, 55
- Rave drugs, 337–339
- Ravi, Dharun, 371
- Ray, Rebecca, 193
- Rayside, David, 502
- Reagan, Ronald, 10, 213
- Recycling, 437, 439
- Reform movements
- definition, 493
- difference made by, 498–500
- See also Social action
- Refugees, 67
- Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 91
- Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative, 443
- Reid, T. R., 292
- Relative deprivation, 496
- Relative poverty, 34
- Reproductive rights, 103
- Research, 19–21, 452
- Residential segregation, 399
- Resolving Conflict Creatively Program, 233
- Resource mobilization theory, 497
- Restrepo, Dan, 80
- Revolution, 459
- Revolutionary social movements, 493
- Richmond, David, 500
- Rickman, Dana, 229
- Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, 473
- Robbins, Cynthia, 330
- Roberts, Dorothy, 332
- Roberts, John G., 84, 289
- Roberts, Keith, 12
- Robinson, John, 190
- Robinson, Marian, 175
- Rohlen, Thomas, 215
- Role strain, 330
- Roman, Paul, 350
- Romero, Diana, 186
- Romney, Mitt, 45–46, 132
- Roosevelt, Eleanor, 447
- Roosevelt, Franklin D., 22, 52, 163
- Rose, Stephen, 108
- Rosenbaum, Sara, 85
- Roth, Louise Marie, 107
- Rowling, J. K., 75
- Rubin, Lillian, 190
- Russell, Glenda M., 232
- Ryan White CARE Act, 10
- Sacks, Peter, 219
- Sadker, David, 211
- Sadker, Myra, 211
- Sam, Michael, 133
- Samers, Michael, 71
- Same-sex couples/marriage, rights and recognition of, 132, 134–139
- Sampson, Robert, 368
- Sanchez, Ginette, 231
- Sandler, Todd, 460
- Sandoval, Carlos, 201
- Sandy Hook Elementary school shooting, 382 (photo)
- Sang-Hun, Choe, 179
- Saporito, Salvatore, 236
- Savage, Dan, 139
- Savage Inequalities (Kozol), 209
- SB 1070 (immigration bill), 86–87
- Scarce, Rik, 449
- Scarred worker effect, 253
- Scheck, Barry, 387
- Scheider, Matthew, 386
- Scherker, David, 6
- Schmitt, John, 193
- Schmoke, Kurt L., 346
- Schneider, Helen, 17
- Schools, green, 450–451
- Schorr, Daniel, 307
- Schroedel, Jean, 18
- Schultz, Howard, 413
- Schwartz, John, 422
- Schwartz, Robert C., 280
- Schwarzenegger, Arnold, 344–345
- Scientific management, 246
- Seabury, Seth, 279
- Secondary data analysis, 21
- Second generation, 87
- See Jane program, 320
- Segregation, 68
- Sernau, Scott, 33
- Service learning, 142
- Service revolution, 242
- Seung-Hui, Cho, 382
- Sex, 98
- Sexism, 100
- Sex segregation, occupational, 106–108
- Sexual assault, 111–113
- Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG), 122
- Sexual orientation, 122–144
- college campuses and, 135
- employment and, 133–134
- homosexuality, U.S. legislation on, 131–132
- inequalities, responding to, 134–141
- inequalities, sociological perspectives on, 124–130
- military service and, 140, 141
- same-sex couples, rights and recognition of, 132, 138
- Shalikashvili, John, 140
- Shame of the Nation, The (Kozol), 209
- Shepard, Matthew, 131
- Shutt, Mairead, 417
- Sick role, 276
- Silk, Jessica, 186
- Silverman, Linda K., 220
- Simmel, George, 401
- Simões, Solange, 115
- Singer, Audrey, 396
- Smeeding, Timothy, 39
- Smelser, Neil, 496
- Smith, Alisa, 447
- Smith, Dorothy, 16
- Smith, Gary, 186
- Smith, R. S., 210–211
- Smith, Stacy, 320
- Smith, Vivian, 332
- SmithBattle, Lee, 188
- Smog or ground-level ozone, 435
- Snowden, Edward, 310
- Social action, 490–508
- community connections and, 500–506
- how social movements begin, 494–498
- reform movements, 498–500
- types of social movements, 494 (table)
- understanding social movements, 492–494
- See also Community, policy, and social action
- Social capital, 209
- Social change, 488. See also Social action
- Social class, 30–61
- age and, 158–160
- education and, 217–219
- inequalities, responding to, 52–59
- sociological perspectives on, 41–48
- See also Poverty
- Social constructionism, 8
- Social construction of reality, 8
- Social inequality, 46
- Social innovation, 23
- Social institutions, 12, 170, 172. See also Education; Family/families; Health; Media, the; Work
- Social media, 302
- Social movements
- as reform movements, 498–500
- definition, 493
- how they begin, 494–498
- types of, 494 (table)
- understanding, 492–494
- See also Social action
- Social policy, 22, 113–116
- Social problems, 2–27
- definition, 7, 7–12
- history of, 10–12
- individual action and social change, 488
- negative consequences of, 7
- objective and subjective realities of, 7–8
- See also Exploring Social Problems; Inequality, bases of; Physical world; Social action; Social institutions; Social world; Sociology at Work
- Social Security, 162–165
- Social stratification, 41
- Social Things (Lemert), 23
- Social Transformation of American Medicine, The (Starr), 277
- Social work, 166
- Social world, 324. See also Crime; Drug abuse; Physical world
- Sociological connections, making, 23–26
- Sociological imagination, 5–7
- Sociological perspectives, understanding, 12–18. See also Conflict perspective; Feminist perspective; Functionalist perspective; Interactionist perspective
- Sociology, 2–27
- definition, 5
- doing, 25
- environmental, 424
- review of, 12
- science of, 19–21, 94, 118
- sociological connections, 23–26
- sociological imagination, 5–7
- sociological perspectives, 12–18
- theory and data, 118
- values vs. facts, 94
- See also Sociology at Work
- Sociology at Work
- Afterschool Education, 235
- Critical Thinking, 58
- Doing Sociology, 25
- Graduate Study, 504
- Internships and Service Learning, 142
- Law, 265
- Medicine, 294
- Nonprofit Work, 417
- Paralegals and Legal Assistants, 201
- Probation and Parole Officers, 387
- Public Health, 353
- Research, 452
- Social Work, 166
- Software Development, 322
- Theory and Data, 118
- Values vs. Facts, 94
- Working and Volunteering Abroad, 484
- Socio-spatial perspective, 399
- Soft-power approach, 479
- Software development, as a career, 322
- Sontag, Susan, 154
- Sotloff, Steven, 458
- Sotomayor, Sonia, 262
- Southern Poverty Law Center, 476
- Spanish-American War, 460
- Spears, Britney, 343
- Species being, 14–15
- Spector, Malcolm, 10
- Stacey, Judith, 137, 197
- Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 113
- Starr, Paul, 277
- State and local responses, to environmental problems, 443
- State health care reform, 290–291
- State of the News Media 2004, The (Project for Excellence in Journalism), 317
- State prescription drug plans, 294–296
- Statuses, 12
- Steele, Bruce, 135
- Steele, Claude, 223
- Steelman, Lara Carr, 179
- Steffensmeier, Darrell, 362
- Steinsapir, Carol, 446
- Stereotype threat, 223
- Stigma, 155
- Stock, Mathis, 402
- Stombler, Mindy, 211
- Stone-Semmler, Stacey, 265
- Strain theory, 358–359
- St. Rose, Andresse, 221
- Student activism, 483–485, 495
- Student Labor Action Project (SLAP), 266
- Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), 502
- Suárez-Orozco, Carola, 79
- Subjective reality, 8
- Suburbanization
- definition, 393
- process of, 393–395
- See also Urbanization
- Sullivan, Teresa, 311
- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), 48–49
- Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM), 59
- Support networks, in education, 229–232
- Suro, Roberto, 396
- Survey research, 20–21
- Sustainable communities, creating, 415–416
- Sustainable food, 446–447
- Sutherland, Edwin, 364
- Suu Kyi, Aung San, 480
- Swanger, Joanna, 258
- Sweatshop, 259, 260
- Sweatshop Watch, 259
- Swink, Dawn, 90
- Symbolic interactionism, 17
- Szasz, Thomas, 281
- Tadlock, Barry, 44
- Taft, William Howard, 259
- Taking a World View
- Aging in China, 151
- Educational Tracking and Testing in Japan, 215
- Gay Military Service Policies, 141
- Global Immigration, 81
- Global Urbanization and Population Growth, 398
- Home Sweet Landfill, 437
- Identifying the Greatest Threat to the World, 11
- Income Inequality in China, 40
- Ireland and the Decommissioning of the IRA, 475
- Leaving No Girl Behind, 114
- Marijuana Legalization Movement, 338
- Mexico’s Maquiladoras, 258
- Nongovernmental Organizations as a Source of Change, 499
- Not-So-Foreign Models of Health Care, 292
- Parental Leave Policies, 193
- Policing in Brazil, 377
- Women’s Feature Service, New Delhi, India, 309
- Target populations, 17–18
- Tarrow, Sidney, 497–498
- Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act, 260
- Taylor, Frederick W., 246
- Taylor, Paul, 84, 218
- Teach for America, 230–231
- Teenagers/teens
- Teitelbaum, Joel, 85
- Telecommunications Act, 318–319
- Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), 43–44
- Terrorism, 460–463
- fear of, 468
- See also War and terrorism
- Texting, and driving, 315 (photo), 316–317
- Thelma and Louise, 320
- Theory, 12
- Theory and data, 118
- Thoman, Elizabeth, 321
- Thomas, Dorothy Swaine, 210
- Thomas, Kathryn, 161
- Thomas, W. I., 210
- Thomas Shapiro, Thomas, 33
- Thurman, Quint, 386
- Tickamyer, Ann, 44
- Title IX, 116–118
- Tobacco, abuse of, 335–336
- Tong, Rosemarie, 15
- Toxic Substances Control Act, 442
- Tracking, 212
- Transgender, 122, 124
- Transnational, 96
- Transportation, and urban sprawl, 409–412
- Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), 471
- Treatment versus punishment, for drug abuse, 343–345
- Trejo, Stephen, 73
- Truman, Harry, 175
- Turk, Austin, 360
- Turner, Robyne, 400
- Tyson, Alec, 163
- Ullman, Edward, 14
- Umbrella Revolution, 458
- Underemployment, 251–253
- Unemployment, 251–253
- Uniform Crime Report, 365
- Uninsured population (health care), 287–289
- Union of Needletrades, Industrial, and Textile Employees (UNITE), 266
- United Nations Girls Education Initiative (UNGEI), 114
- United Nations Office of Drug and Crime (UNODC), 338
- United Students Against Sweatshops (USAS), 266
- Upper Big Branch Mine explosion, 256–257
- Urbanization, 390–421
- community, policy, and social action, 413–418
- consequences of, 403–411
- definition, 393
- global, and population growth, 398
- process of, 393–395
- sociological perspectives on, 397–403
- urban living environment, 403–405
- urban revitalization programs, 414–415
- urban sociology and demography, 392–393
- urban sprawl and transportation, 409–412
- Urbanized area, 394
- Urban population, 394
- U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), 413–414
- U.S. Department of Justice, 379
- Uunk, Wilfred, 182
- Valentine, Edward K., 69
- Vallejo, Camila, 501
- Values, 12
- Van Ausdale, Debra, 68
- van der Lippe, Tanja, 190
- Van Evera, Stephen, 478
- Vaping, 336
- Variables (research), 19
- Vertical segregation, 106
- Victims, of crime, 366, 368, 373–374. See also Crime
- Vidal, Gore, 126
- Vietnam War, 460
- Violence, in schools, 223–225
- Violence Against Women Act, 379
- Violence and neglect, in the family, 111–113, 183–186, 194–196
- Violent crime, 367–369
- Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act, 379, 384
- Violent crime victimization, 368
- Voices in the Community
- Auerbach, Judith, 20
- Campos, Sofia, 89
- Davis, Geena, 320
- Fluke, Sandra, 103
- Hale, Victoria, 293
- Johnson, Earvin “Magic,” 412–413
- Kenner, Max, 384–385
- Kopp, Wendy, 230–231
- Lim Miller, Mauricio, 56
- Murphy, Shilo, 352
- Pregracke, Chad, 448
- Savage, Dan, 139
- Suu Kyi, Aung San, 480
- Vallejo, Camila, 501
- Ward, Wynona, 195
- Wicks, Judy, 262–263
- Young, Barbara, 165
- Volunteering abroad, 484
- von Hippel, Paul, 217
- Voters, political influence of young and older, 162–163
- Wage
- Waitzkin, Howard, 277
- Wang, Gabe, 93
- War, 458–459
- hidden costs of, 471
- U.S., 459–460, 461 (table)
- See also War and terrorism
- War and terrorism, 456–487
- Ward, Wynona, 195
- Wardlaw, Grant, 461
- War of 1812, 459
- War on Poverty, 53, 413
- Wasburn, Mara, 306
- Wasburn, Philo, 306
- Waste and recycling, 439
- Watch groups, and the media, 319–320
- Water quality and supply, 438–440
- Wealth, 32–33, 42–43, 82
- Weaver, Heather, 186
- Weber, Max, 19, 42, 247, 488
- Wechsler, Henry, 341
- Weigt, Jill, 55
- Weitz, Rose, 52, 278
- Welfare, life after, 54–56
- Welfare policy, U.S., 52–59
- Wells, Samantha, 340
- West, Loraine, 151
- White, Jonathan, 118
- White, Ryan, 10
- White, Shelley, 118
- White-collar crime, 370–371
- White Dog Café, 262–263
- Wicks, Judy, 262–263
- Wild, T. Cameron, 340
- Wilderness Act, 440–441
- Wilderness protection, 440–441
- Wildman, Stephanie, 104
- Wilkinson, Paul, 475
- Williams, David, 42
- Wilson, John, 493
- Wilson, William Julius, 368
- Winant, Howard, 65
- Wirth, Louis, 14
- Wolfgang, Marvin, 372
- Women
- as peacemakers, 483
- educational networks for, 229–232
- in combat, 465 (photo)
- leading occupations for, 106–107
- See also Gender
- Women’s Center and Shelter (WC&S), of Greater Pittsburgh, 194
- Women’s Feature Service, 309
- Wood, Robert, 55
- Woodhouse, Shawn, 91
- Woolworth’s protest (1960), 500 (photo), 502
- Work, 240–268
- changing nature of, 242–246
- community, policy, and social action, 259–266
- commuting to, 406–407
- federal policies, 259–261
- problems in, 251–257
- sociological perspectives on, 246–251
- See also Workplace
- Worker-friendly businesses, 262–264
- Workers, minimum-wage, 254
- Working abroad, 484
- Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, 44
- Workplace
- ageism in, 161–162
- boundary-less, 311
- drug treatment and prevention in, 349–350
- drug use in, 339–340
- hazardous and stressful, 256–257
- See also Work
- World
- greatest threat to, 11
- physical, 324
- social, 324
- World view. See Taking a World View
- World War I and World War II, 460
- World Wide Opportunities on Organic Farms (WWOOF), 484
- Wright, Kevin, 311
- Yamada, Yasuteru, 146
- Yamaguchi, Ryoko, 350
- Yancey Martin, Patricia, 211
- Young, Barbara, 165
- Young, Nathan, 430
- Young, Nigel, 482
- Yousafzai, Malala, 114
- Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), 224
- Zald, Mayer, 497
- Zeigler, Cyd, 133
- Zentgraf, Kristine, 76
- Zetterberg, Hans, 25
- Zhao, Jihong, 386
- Zhou, Min, 70, 253
- Ziemelis, Andris, 350
- Zimbardo, Philip, 364
- Zimmerman, George, 372
- Zittleman, Karen, 211
- Zogby, John, 484